概述
Java中用来操作Excl的方式：JXL和POI
JXL只能对Excel进行操作,属于比较老的框架，它只支持到Excel 95-2000的版本。现在已经停止更新和维护
POI是apache的项目,可对微软的Word,Excel,Ppt进行操作,包括offiffiffice2003和2007,Excl2003和2007。poi现在
一直有更新。所以现在主流使用POI。
POI的概述
Apache POI是Apache软件基金会的开源项目，由Java编写的免费开源的跨平台的 Java API，Apache POI提供API给Java语言操作Microsoft Offiffiffice的功能。
POI的应用场景
- 数据报表生成
- 数据备份
- 数据批量上传
POI的环境搭建
maven的pom.xml
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>POI结构说明
HSSF提供读写Microsoft Excel XLS****格式档案的功能。
XSSF提供读写Microsoft Excel OOXML XLSX****格式档案的功能。
HWPF提供读写Microsoft Word DOC格式档案的功能。
HSLF提供读写Microsoft PowerPoint格式档案的功能。
HDGF提供读Microsoft Visio格式档案的功能。
HPBF提供读Microsoft Publisher格式档案的功能。
HSMF提供读Microsoft Outlook格式档案的功能
API介绍
基本操作
创建excel
public class PoiTest01 {
//测试创建excel文件
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//1.创建workbook工作簿
Workbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook();
//2.创建表单Sheet
Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet("test");
//3.文件流
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("E:\\test.xlsx");
//4.写入文件
wb.write(fos);
fos.close();
}
}创建单元格
//测试创建单元格
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//1.创建workbook工作簿
Workbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook();
//2.创建表单Sheet
Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet("test");
//3.创建行对象，从0开始
Row row = sheet.createRow(3);
//4.创建单元格，从0开始
Cell cell = row.createCell(0);
//5.单元格写入数据
cell.setCellValue("德源教育");
//6.文件流
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("E:\\test.xlsx");
//7.写入文件
wb.write(fos);
fos.close();
}设置格式
//创建单元格样式对象
CellStyle cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();
//设置边框
cellStyle.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.DASH_DOT);//下边框
cellStyle.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.HAIR);//上边框
//设置字体
Font font = wb.createFont();//创建字体对象
font.setFontName("华文行楷");//设置字体
font.setFontHeightInPoints((short)28);//设置字号
cellStyle.setFont(font);
//设置宽高
sheet.setColumnWidth(0, 31 * 256);//设置第一列的宽度是31个字符宽度
row.setHeightInPoints(50);//设置行的高度是50个点
//设置居中显示
cellStyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);//水平居中
cellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);//垂直居中
//设置单元格样式
cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
//合并单元格
CellRangeAddress region =new CellRangeAddress(0, 3, 0, 2);
sheet.addMergedRegion(region);绘制图形
//绘制图形
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//1.创建workbook工作簿
Workbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook();
//2.创建表单Sheet
Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet("test");
//读取图片流
FileInputStream stream=new FileInputStream("e:\\logo.jpg");
byte[] bytes= IOUtils.toByteArray(stream);
//读取图片到二进制数组
stream.read(bytes);
//向Excel添加一张图片,并返回该图片在Excel中的图片集合中的下标
int pictureIdx = wb.addPicture(bytes,Workbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG);
//绘图工具类
CreationHelper helper = wb.getCreationHelper();
//创建一个绘图对象
Drawing<?> patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
//创建锚点,设置图片坐标
ClientAnchor anchor = helper.createClientAnchor();
anchor.setCol1(0);//从0开始
anchor.setRow1(0);//从0开始
//创建图片
Picture picture = patriarch.createPicture(anchor, pictureIdx);
picture.resize();
//6.文件流
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("E:\\test.xlsx");
//7.写入文件
wb.write(fos);
fos.close();
}加载Excel
public class PoiTest06 {
//单元格样式
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//1.创建workbook工作簿
Workbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook("E:\\demo.xlsx");
//2.获取sheet 从0开始
Sheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
int totalRowNum = sheet.getLastRowNum();
Row row = null;
Cell cell = null;
//循环所有行
for (int rowNum = 3; rowNum <sheet.getLastRowNum(); rowNum++) {
row = sheet.getRow(rowNum);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
//循环每行中的所有单元格
for(int cellNum = 2; cellNum < row.getLastCellNum();cellNum++) {
cell = row.getCell(cellNum);
sb.append(getValue(cell)).append("-");
}
System.out.println(sb.toString());
}
}
//获取数据
private static Object getValue(Cell cell) {
Object value = null;
switch (cell.getCellType()) {
case STRING: //字符串类型
value = cell.getStringCellValue();
break;
case BOOLEAN: //boolean类型
value = cell.getBooleanCellValue();
break;
case NUMERIC: //数字类型（包含日期和普通数字）
if(DateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) {
value = cell.getDateCellValue();
}else{
value = cell.getNumericCellValue();
}
break;
case FORMULA: //公式类型
value = cell.getCellFormula();
break;
default:
break;
}
return value;
}
}POI报表导入
maven的pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
</dependency>html
<form action="user/fileupload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
选择要上传的文件<input type="file" name="upload">
<input type="submit" value="上传">
</form>spring的applicationContext.xml
<!--文件上传解析器-->
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"></property>
</bean>实现Excel上传
- pojo
//objs数据位置和excel上传位置一致。 public User(Object []objs,String companyId,String companyName) { //默认手机号excel读取为字符串会存在科学记数法问题，转化处理 this.mobile = new DecimalFormat("#").format(objs[2]); this.username = objs[1].toString(); this.createTime = new Date(); this.timeOfEntry = (Date) objs[5]; this.formOfEmployment = ((Double) objs[4]).intValue() ; this.workNumber = new DecimalFormat("#").format(objs[3]).toString(); this.companyId = companyId; this.companyName = companyName; } - Controller 添加上传方法
//批量导入数据 @RequestMapping(value="/user/import", method = RequestMethod.POST) public Result importExcel(@RequestParam(name = "upload") MultipartFile attachment) throws Exception { //根据上传流信息创建工作簿 Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(attachment.getInputStream()); //获取第一个sheet Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0); List<User> users = new ArrayList<>(); //从第二行开始获取数据 for (int rowNum = 1; rowNum <sheet.getLastRowNum(); rowNum++) { Row row = sheet.getRow(rowNum); Object objs[] = new Object[row.getLastCellNum()]; //从第二列获取数据 for(int cellNum = 1; cellNum < row.getLastCellNum();cellNum++) { Cell cell = row.getCell(cellNum); objs[cellNum] = getValue(cell); } //根据每一列构造用户对象 User user = new User(objs,companyId,companyName); user.setDepartmentId(objs[objs.length-1].toString()); users.add(user); } //第一个参数：用户列表，第二个参数：部门编码 userService.save(users,objs[objs.length-1].toString()); return Result.SUCCESS(); } - Service 保存信息
@Transactional public void save(List<User> users) throws Exception { for (User user : users) { //配置密码 user.setPassword(new Md5Hash("123456",user.getMobile(),3).toString()); //配置id user.setId(idWorker.nextId()+""); //其他基本属性 user.setInServiceStatus(1); user.setEnableState(1); user.setLevel("user"); //获取部门信息 Department dept = departmentFeignClient.findById(user.getDepartmentId(),user.getCompanyId()); if(dept != null) { user.setDepartmentId(dept.getId()); user.setDepartmentName(dept.getName()); } userDao.save(user); } }
POI报表导出
- Controller 添加导出方法
@RequestMapping(value = "/export/{month}", method = RequestMethod.GET) public void export(@PathVariable(name = "month") String month) throws Exception { //1.构造数据 List<EmployeeReportResult> list = userCompanyPersonalService.findByReport(companyId,month+"%"); //2.创建工作簿 XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(); //3.构造sheet String[] titles = {"编号", "姓名", "手机","最高学历", "国家地区", "护照号", "籍贯", "生日", "属相","入职时间","离职类型","离职原因","离职时间"}; Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(); Row row = sheet.createRow(0); AtomicInteger headersAi = new AtomicInteger(); for (String title : titles) { Cell cell = row.createCell(headersAi.getAndIncrement()); cell.setCellValue(title); } AtomicInteger datasAi = new AtomicInteger(1); Cell cell = null; for (EmployeeReportResult report : list) { Row dataRow = sheet.createRow(datasAi.getAndIncrement()); //编号 cell = dataRow.createCell(0); cell.setCellValue(report.getUserId()); //姓名 cell = dataRow.createCell(1); cell.setCellValue(report.getUsername()); //手机 cell = dataRow.createCell(2); cell.setCellValue(report.getMobile()); //最高学历 cell = dataRow.createCell(3); cell.setCellValue(report.getTheHighestDegreeOfEducation()); //国家地区 cell = dataRow.createCell(4); cell.setCellValue(report.getNationalArea()); } String fileName = URLEncoder.encode(month+"人员信息.xlsx", "UTF-8"); response.setContentType("application/octet-stream"); response.setHeader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + new String(fileName.getBytes("ISO8859-1"))); response.setHeader("filename", fileName); workbook.write(response.getOutputStream()); }
dao层实现
@Select(value = "select new
com.ihrm.domain.employee.response.EmployeeReportResult(a,b) " +
"FROM UserCompanyPersonal a LEFT JOIN EmployeeResignation b ON
a.userId=b.userId )")
List<EmployeeReportResult> findByReport(String companyId, String month);
